![]() He is also mentioned in the epistle to the Hebrews as an example of a man of faith. He is the fifth Judge who appears in the book of the Bible called “Judges” (Chapters 6 through 8). The most celebrated judges were: Gideon, Jephthah, Samson and Samuel. In this second period of Hebrew history, this people fights for consolidation in the Promised Land where they were to settle permanently. The period in which the Hebrews establish themselves definitively in Palestine, abandon the nomad life and divide themselves into twelve tribes, who named the Judges as their government. As the Patriarchs were religious leaders and not soldiers they would give place to the Judges, military chiefs who would come to command the Hebrews in the struggle for the “ Promised Land.” 2. It would be necessary to fight to conquer Canaan. On arrival, they would see that the Promised Land was occupied by other peoples like the Canaanites and Philistines. The Successor of Moses would be Joshua, who would just conclude the long journey towards Palestine. Meanwhile, Moses would die before the arrival to Palestine. The difficulties encountered on the way to return to the Promised Land were accompanied, on several occasions, with returns to idolatry and polytheism, obligating Moses to reinforce his authority more each time. Moses and the Hebrew people remained in the desert of Sinai for forty years. Moses, according to the Bible, received from Jehovah, at Mount Sinai, the Ten Commandments, which contain ethical, moral, and religious principles which were to guide the conduct of the Hebrew people and, principally, reinforce the belief in only one God. This episode was known as the Exodus, and was portrayed in the book of the Bible with the same name. This oppression ended with the rise of Moses who led the Hebrew people towards liberty on the way to Canaan (called the “Promised Land”). When the Hyksos were expelled the Hebrews began to suffer persecutions, they were condemned to paying high taxes and were later made into slaves. Some tribes, under the leadership of Jacob, migrated toward Egypt and settled there for four hundred years, a period which coincides with the domination of Egypt by the Hyksos, who cooperated with the Hebrews. The Hebrews remained for around three centuries in Palestine, until the occurrence of a severe drought which gripped the region. ![]() The clans were governed by a Patriarch, and practiced an economy based on shepherding, which evolved towards agriculture thanks to the fertility of the northern lands and to the mountainous zones of the South of Palestine. The Hebrews divided themselves into tribes, thus forming patriarchal clans which worshiped only one God (monotheism), accrediting themselves as His chosen people, and because of this God would choose certain members of the group in order that the divine plans should be fulfilled. ![]() Through their departure from the city of Ur, Mesopotamia, this people traveled towards Palestine (the thin strip of land between Phoenicia, modern-day Lebanon, and Egypt). ![]()
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